Professional in Human Resources (PHR) Practice Exam

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What is the term used for a complete set of observations or measurements about which conclusions are drawn?

Sample
Population
Sample Space
Control Group

The correct answer is: Population

The term "population" refers to the entire set of observations or measurements from which samples may be drawn and about which conclusions can be made. In research and statistics, the population includes all members of a defined group that meets certain criteria relevant to the study. This comprehensive collection allows researchers to make generalizations or derive insights based on complete data rather than subsets, which are found in samples. Understanding the distinction between population and sample is crucial in statistical analysis, as conclusions drawn from a population are often more reliable than those derived from a sample, provided the sample is not representative. The other terms provided refer to specific aspects of research methodology but do not encompass the idea of a complete data set. A "sample" is a subset of the population selected for analysis, "sample space" pertains to all possible outcomes of a statistical experiment, and a "control group" is used in experiments to establish a baseline for comparison without the intervention being tested.