Professional in Human Resources (PHR) Practice Exam

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What does the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) prohibit?

Discrimination based on age
Discrimination based on genetic information
Discrimination based on educational background
Discrimination based on employment history

The correct answer is: Discrimination based on genetic information

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) specifically prohibits discrimination based on genetic information. This legislation was enacted to protect individuals from being treated unfairly in health insurance and employment due to their genetic predispositions to certain health conditions. GINA ensures that employers cannot use genetic information, such as results from genetic tests or family medical history, to make decisions about hiring, firing, promotion, or any terms and conditions of employment. By focusing on this aspect, GINA emphasizes the importance of privacy concerning genetic data and seeks to eliminate potential biases that could arise from an individual's genetic makeup, thereby promoting a fair workplace environment. This act plays a critical role in safeguarding employees’ rights in relation to their health and genetic information.