Professional in Human Resources (PHR) Practice Exam

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In statistics, what does the term "mean" refer to?

Median score of data
Most frequently occurring value
Average score or value in a set of data
Maximum value in a set of data

The correct answer is: Average score or value in a set of data

The term "mean" in statistics specifically refers to the average score or value in a set of data. It is calculated by summing all the values in the dataset and then dividing that sum by the number of values in the dataset. This measure provides a central tendency of the data, offering a single value that represents the entire set. The mean is particularly useful in understanding the overall trend of data and is commonly used in various fields of research and analysis. Other options describe different statistical concepts. The median, for example, refers to the middle value when data is arranged in ascending order, while the mode represents the most frequently occurring value. The maximum value, on the other hand, is simply the highest number in a dataset. Understanding these distinctions helps to correctly apply various measures of central tendency in different analytical contexts.